1. Instalación de Flutter (Método Reproducible)

Descargar el SDK desde flutter.dev.

Agregar al PATH:

export PATH="$PATH:$HOME/dev/flutter/bin"

Verificar instalación:

flutter doctor

Actualizar Flutter:

flutter upgrade

 2. Instalar Android Studio + SDK + Emuladores

• Instalar Android Studio
• Abrir SDK Manager
• Instalar:
  • Android SDK 34
  • Platform Tools
  • Android Emulator
• Crear un emulador (Pixel 6 / API 34)

 3. Crear tu primer proyecto

flutter create mi_app
cd mi_app
flutter run

4. Estructura del proyecto

lib/
  main.dart
  src/
    widgets/
    screens/
    services/
    state/
    utils/
    models/

Esta estructura modular permite escalabilidad, testing y mantenibilidad.

 5. Dominar el Core de Flutter

Widgets fundamentales

• StatelessWidget
• StatefulWidget
• BuildContext
• InheritedWidget

Layout

• Column / Row
• Stack
• Expanded / Flexible
• ListView / GridView

Navegación

• Navigator 1.0
• go_router (recomendado)

 6. Riverpod — Estado moderno y escalable

Instalar:

flutter pub add flutter_riverpod

Provider simple:

final counterProvider = StateProvider<int>((ref) => 0);

Consumir en UI:

final count = ref.watch(counterProvider);

7. Consumir APIs REST

Ejemplo básico:

final client = http.Client();
final response = await client.get(
  Uri.parse("https://api.example.com/data")
);

Con Riverpod:

final dataProvider = FutureProvider((ref) async {
  final res = await http.get(Uri.parse("https://api.example.com/data"));
  return jsonDecode(res.body);
});

 8. Arquitectura limpia recomendada

lib/
  src/
    features/
      auth/
        data/
        domain/
        presentation/
      home/
        data/
        domain/
        presentation/
    core/
      utils/
      widgets/
      errors/
      services/

Separación clara entre UI, dominio y datos.

 9. Testing en Flutter

Unit tests:

flutter test

Widget tests:

testWidgets('Mi widget', (tester) async {
  await tester.pumpWidget(MyWidget());
  expect(find.text('Hola'), findsOneWidget);
});

 10. CI/CD básico con GitHub Actions

name: Flutter CI

on: [push]

jobs:
  build:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    steps:
      - uses: actions/checkout@v3
      - uses: subosito/flutter-action@v2
        with:
          channel: stable
      - run: flutter pub get
      - run: flutter test

11. Compilar para todas las plataformas

Android:

flutter build apk --release

Web:

flutter build web --release

Linux Desktop:

flutter config --enable-linux-desktop
flutter build linux --release

 BONUS: Integración Flutter + Rust (para cálculos intensivos)

Instalar flutter_rust_bridge:

flutter pub add flutter_rust_bridge

Ejemplo Rust:

#[no_mangle]
pub extern "C" fn suma(a: i32, b: i32) -> i32 {
    a + b
}

 12. Errores comunes y cómo evitarlos

• No usar arquitectura → usar features/ + core/
• Abusar de StatefulWidget → preferir Riverpod
• No tipar modelos → usar freezed
• No modularizar → dividir por features